What is TCP/IP

TCP/IP stands for Transport Control Protocol / Internet Protocol suite. TCP/IP was created in 1983 to replace NCP, because TCP/IP can successfully switch packets from all shapes and sizes and varieties of networks. Therfore TCP/IP has become the backbone of the Internet and its composite LANs and WANs due to it's ability to switch packets from computer systems on any network to another network, regardless of network peculiarities, operating system differences and other packet differences. The TCP/IP protocol suite refers to several separate protocols that computers use to transfer data across the Internet, below are four of the most commonly used TCP/IP protocols,
Components of TCP/IP IP - The Internet Protocol is a network layer protocol that moves data between host computers. TCP - The Transport Control Protocol is a transport layer protocol that moves multiple packet data between applications. UDP - The User Datagram Protocol is a transport layer protocol like TCP but is less complex and reliable than TCP. ICMP - The Internet Control Message Protocol carries network error messages and other network software requirements.
Computer networks use a standard connection model which is called ISO/OSI. The ISO/OSI model has seven layer which the TCP/IP protocol suite has implemented, below is a list of the ISO/OSI layers and the TCP/IP counterpart layers,
ISO/OSI Layer Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data-Link Physical	Function file transfers, email, file servers data formatting, encryption negotiation and establishment of a connection end to end data provision routing of packets transfer of addressable units of frames and error checking transmission of binary data over a communications network		TCP/IP Protocols TFTP, BOOTP, SNMP, FTP, SMTP, MIME No protocol No protocol TCP, UDP IP, ICMP, RIP, OSPF, BGP, IGMP SLIP, CSLIP, PPP, ARP, RASP, MTU ISO, 2110, IEEE, 802, IEEE 802.2 learn more